Al-Farabi's philosophy is a mixture of Aristotelian philosophy and Neo-Platonism. He is known as the "second teacher" after Aristotle, because of his ability to understand Aristotle, who is known as the first teacher in philosophy. He tried to combine ideas or thoughts of Ancient Greece with Islamic thought to create an ideal state government.
His most famous work is Al-Madinah Al-Fadhilah or Main State, which discusses happiness through political life and the best relationship between government according to Plato's understanding of Islamic Islamic law, where he theorizes about an ideal state like in the Republic of Plato in Islamic perspective.
Although he was an Aristotelian logician, he included a number of non-Aristotelian elements in his works. He discussed the topics of future contingents, the number and relationship of categories, the relationship between logic and grammar, and the forms of non-Aristotelian inference. It is also credited with grouping logic into two separate groups, the first is "ideas" and the second is "evidence".
He broke with the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, by switching from metaphysics to methodology. At the philosophical level, Alfarabi unites theory and practice, and in politics he frees practice from theory. The Neoplatonic theology he brought freed metaphysics from mere rhetoric.
In the field of music, he is the inventor of musical notes. This finding he wrote in the book al-Musiq al-Kabir, the Big Book about Music. According to him, music can create a feeling of calm and comfort.