This video is about a less commonly known phenomenon in medieval Chinese manuscripts, namely, the presence of joined graphs (hewen). These are graphs for a small number of words, typically in Buddhist texts, that join two characters into a single unit, but continue to read it as two syllables. The earliest examples of this scribal device were already seen in early Chinese manuscripts and inscriptions, but there are also differences with this early usage. The two main categories discussed here are joined graphs of Buddhist terms and those for names.

---Video's Table of Contents---
00:00 Intro
02:30 Buddhist manuscripts
04:35 Most common ligatures
06:21 Other ligatures
07:55 Son of the Buddha
08:29 Names