Climate change is already modifying pathogen-vector-host relationships for a variety of vector borne, zoonotic and environmental infectious diseases. This presentation provides a high-level overview of contemporary and future infectious disease risks facing population health in Canada, while discussing how public health practices are evolving to support monitoring, surveillance and risk mitigation activities. One Health in particular is highlighted as a novel and integrative approach to understanding interactions between environmental, social and health systems. The presentation will also discuss the capacity needs and constraints to implement robust population health interventions that aim to promote equitable responses to emerging infectious disease risk.