I highly recommend Canguru English's series on the logic behind phrasal verbs:    • Learn phrasal verbs the easy way | Pa...  
For teachers (and very curious learners):
1. A Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Phrasal Verbs: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/cgi/vi...
2. Learning phrasal verbs through conceptual metaphors: A case of Japanese EFL learners: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/a...