How the Apple Watch Tracks Your Sleep (Scientific Review)
The Quantified Scientist The Quantified Scientist
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 Published On Jul 7, 2024

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Reference devices:
ZMax + Dreamento: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.11... & https://github.com/dreamento/dreamento
Polar H10: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31004...

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Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:51 Apple Timeline
03:21 How Smartwatches Track Your Sleep
08:37 How Apple Tracks Your Sleep
11:38 Why the Apple Watch is Impressive
14:08 Major Problem
15:11 Options and Recommendations for Sleep Tracking

Have you ever wondered how your Apple Watch can tell if you're dreaming, tossing, or in deep sleep? Today, we’ll explore the science behind Apple Watch’s sleep tracking, what makes it quite different from other sleep trackers, and why that fact makes it surprising it outperforms most other devices. We'll also share scientific data showcasing that the Apple Watch is one of the best sleep trackers out there, though there are a few competitors that give it a run for its money.

The Oura ring costs around 300 dollars, but in addition to that you have to pay a 6 dollar monthly membership fee. The Whoop Strap doesn’t cost anything upfront for the device, but depending on when you buy it will likely set you back about 200 dollars a year. If you get the Eight Sleep cover, which is my favorite sleep improvement device, you are likely mostly interested in the active cooling and heating of the mattress, because if you just want sleep tracking, the price tag of about 2500 dollars is quite hefty. Fitbit is the cheapest brand in this list, and currently provides a lot of the sleep tracking without a subscription, though I am afraid that their current premium membership will take over more and more of the free features. The Apple Watch SE is among the more affordable options available. However, there’s more to sleep tracking than just your sleep stages.
Apple has historically been terrible when it comes to data presentation, with the health app being one of the worst apps for quickly viewing your most important data. Luckily, the Apple Watch has recently gotten an upgrade with iOS 18, which now features the Vitals app.

Apple Source: https://www.apple.com/healthcare/docs...
Oura Source: The Promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using the Oura Ring; Marco Altini
Fitbit Source: https://support.google.com/fitbit/ans...
https://enterprise.fitbit.com/blog/tr...

Temperature:
https://www.uclahealth.org/news/relea...
Sleep and thermoregulation: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32617...

Sleep and heart rate:
https://www.nature.com/articles/1300146
https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...
https://researchgate.net/publication/...
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14580...
https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...

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