Kirchhoff’s laws:
Kirchhoff’s laws are more comprehensive than ohm’s law and are used for solving electrical networks.

The two Kirchhoff’s laws are:
1. Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
2. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) It states that “the algebraic sum of the currents in a junction of a circuit is zero. (or) The sum of current entering the junction is equal to the sum of the current leaving the junction.

Explanation:
Consider 5 conductors carrying currents. Assume positive sign for the current flowing towards the junction and negative sign for the current flowing away from the junction.

Let P is a junction

I1, I3, & I4 = incoming current towards the junction P

I2, & I5 = outgoing current away from the junction P

By applying Kirchhoff ’ s current law at junction P,
I1 - I2 + I3 + I4 - I5 = 0

I1 + I3 + I4 = I2 + I5

Sum of incoming current = sum of outgoing current

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