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The first thing to note is that there is no word in Chinese for Confucianism! The closest words that are used in Chinese are 儒家 rújiā and 儒教 rújiào. So rú is an old word for “scholar,” jiā means “school or family” and jiào can mean “religion or teaching.”

This means that 儒家 rújiā can be translated to Scholar’s school or family, or explained as School of Thought, in other terms Scholarly Thought

Confucianism talks about the Five Constant Virtues, which in Chinese are called 五常 wǔcháng, literally “five constants”. These are 仁, rén which is kindness to your fellow man.

Trad: 己所不欲，勿施於人
己所不欲，勿施于人
Jǐ suǒ bù yù, wù shī yú rén
Confucius said “do not do to others what you do not wish to be done to yourself.”

That’s rén.

The second is 義 yì which means being righteous and doing the right thing.

The third is 禮 lǐ which means to observe the proper rituals.
The rites of li are not rites in the Western concept of religious custom. Rather, li embodies actions and behavior that guarantee the assimilation of oneself to the virtuous natural order, therefore maintaining a virtuous environment for everyone’s benefit. It envelops the entire spectrum of interaction with humans, nature, and even material objects. Confucius includes in his discussions of li such diverse topics as learning, drinking ceremonies, titles, mourning, and governance.

The fourth 智 zhì wisdom, is the ability to see right from wrong, and fair from unfair. Wisdom can be attained by sincere study of books containing wisdom and then assimilating oneself to those.

The fifth is 信 xìn or trustworthiness. Which is a key aspect of a society based on mutual trust rather than domination by tyranny.

Now there are other important virtues, such as 孝 xiào, which means filial piety, or respect for ones parents, but the ones we just went over are the five big ones, the five constants.


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Infraction - Percussion and Claps
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