Throughout the history of life, convergent evolution has resulted in all sorts of creatures evolving to look very similar to one another. One of the most interesting examples is the case of the repeatedly evolving turtles - the Placodonts, the Saurosphargids, the Glyptodonts, and even the Ankylosaurs.

Join our Discord server:   / discord  
Support us on Patreon:   / bengthomas  

Follow us on Instagram: http://bit.ly/1PIEagv

Music by Geographer

Subscribe to explore the wonderful life around you!

Social Media:
►Twitter:   / bengthomas42  
►Instagram: http://bit.ly/1PIEagv
►Subreddit:   / bengthomas  

Sources:
https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/a...
https://link.springer.com/article/10....
https://www.nature.com/articles/natur...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s4158...
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
https://www.nature.com/articles/natur...
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s...
https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.117...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1...
https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...
https://sjpp.springeropen.com/article...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1...
https://www.amazon.com/Ancient-Sea-Re...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
https://link.springer.com/article/10....
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journa...
https://elifesciences.org/articles/83163
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomm...
https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/a...
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1...
https://archive.org/details/cranialan...
https://archive.org/details/dermalarm...
https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com...
https://www.cell.com/current-biology/...
https://link.springer.com/article/10....
https://www.amazon.com/Princeton-Fiel...
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10....
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
https://www.amazon.com/Dinosaurs-Conc...
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodic...

0:00 - Introduction
1:03 - Turtle Evolution
9:10 - The Saurosphargids
15:30 - The Placodonts
21:41 - The Glyptodonts
23:59 - The Ankylosaurs