On 9 July 2011 South Sudan held its formal independence ceremony in Juba, an event that marked a departure for Africa. Most African countries became independent on a negotiated “transfer of power” from a colonial authority to a new national elite. South Sudan’s independence came from the directly expressed will of its people.

The journey to independence for the people of South Sudan is a saga of resilience, determination, and unwavering hope. Spanning nearly two centuries, from 1821 to 2011, this path was marked by relentless struggles and profound hardships. Southern Sudanese endured oppressive colonial rule, only to find themselves under the grip of radical Islamic regimes in Khartoum. Despite these challenges, the indomitable spirit of South Sudan’s people remained unbroken.

Their relentless pursuit of freedom and self-determination culminated in the historic independence ceremony on July 9, 2011, in Juba.

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Sources:

The Nimeiri Regime and the Oil Debate, 1980–83
The Sudan: Civil War and Peace-Making, Sara Basha
Martin Meredith, State of Africa After Independence
https://www.concern.net/news/south-su...
https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Hornet/s...
https://newafricanmagazine.com/7922/
https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/12...
https://www.amazon.com/History-South-...
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/vi...
https://journals.ufs.ac.za/index.php/...
https://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/cgi...
https://www.france24.com/en/live-news...
https://www.theguardian.com/world/gal...
https://irp.fas.org/world/para/spla.htm
https://www.britannica.com/place/Sout...
https://www.encyclopedia.com/referenc...
https://radiotamazuj.org/en/news/arti...
https://enoughproject.org/blog/enough...
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa...

video clips:

   • Khartoum (Clip)  
   • Sudanese Chiefs At Buckingham Palace ...  
   • Queen In Sudan  (1965)  
   • Traveling in old typical Sudan in 1977  
   • Southern Sudanese Rebels Fight for In...  
   • Crossroads Sudan - Profile: John Garang  
   • Egypt - Leaders hold opposition meeting  
   • Dr. John Garang interview.  
   • جون قرنق يتحدث لقواته فى النيل الازرق  
   • President Bokassa of the Central Afri...  
   • Maj. General an-Nimeiry Commemorates ...  
   • SYND 1 7 73 REPORT ON SUDAN REFUGEES  
   • Decades of war: Sudan's history of cr...  
   • Independence for South Sudan  
   • Southern Sudan Referendum Results      • Southern Sudanese leader John Garang’...  
   • Sudan's 22 Year War: The Longest Conf...  
   • Dinka: The Legendary Cattle Herders o...   ]
   • South Sudan becomes world's newest na...  
   • President's Reagan's Meetings with Pr...  


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Music:

Epidemic Sound

YouTube Studio

Meditation Impromptu 03 by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: http://incompetech.com/