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Timestamp
0:00 – Introduction
0:16 - Ancestry of modern CHamorus
1:40 - mtDNA of modern CHamorus
3:28 - Limitation of DNA studies of modern CHamorus
3:59 - Ancient DNA study of CHamorus
7:13 - Conclusion

References
Blust, R. (2000). Chamorro historical phonology. Oceanic Linguistics, 83-122.

Hung, H. C., Carson, M. T., Bellwood, P., Campos, F. Z., Piper, P. J., Dizon, E., ... & Chi, Z. (2011). The first settlement of Remote Oceania: the Philippines to the Marianas. Antiquity, 85(329), 909-926.

Ko, A. M. S., Chen, C. Y., Fu, Q., Delfin, F., Li, M., Chiu, H. L., ... & Ko, Y. C. (2014). Early Austronesians: into and out of Taiwan. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 94(3), 426-436.

Liu, Y. C., Hunter-Anderson, R., Cheronet, O., Eakin, J., Camacho, F., Pietrusewsky, M., ... & Reich, D. (2022). Ancient DNA reveals five streams of migration into Micronesia and matrilocality in early Pacific seafarers. Science, 377(6601), 72-79.

Lum, J. K, & Cann, R. L. (2000). mtDNA lineage analyses: origins and migrations of Micronesians and Polynesians. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 113(2), 151-168.

Lum, J. K., & Cann, R. L. (1998). mtDNA and language support a common origin of Micronesians and Polynesians in Island Southeast Asia. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 105(2), 109-119.

Lynch, D., Wanglund, C., Spathis, R., Chan, C. W., Reiff, D. M., Lum, J. K., & Garruto, R. M. (2008). The contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to a gene–environment model of Guamanian ALS and PD. Mitochondrion, 8(2), 109-116.

Pugach, I., Hübner, A., Hung, H. C., Meyer, M., Carson, M. T., & Stoneking, M. (2021). Ancient DNA from Guam and the peopling of the Pacific. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(1), e2022112118.

Reiff, D. M., Spathis, R., Chan, C. W., Vilar, M. G., Sankaranarayanan, K., Lynch, D., ... & Garruto, R. M. (2011). Inherited and somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in Guam amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia. Neurological Sciences, 32, 883-892.

Vilar, M. G., Chan, C. W., Santos, D. R., Lynch, D., Spathis, R., Garruto, R. M., & Lum, J. K. (2013). The origins and genetic distinctiveness of the Chamorros of the Marianas Islands: An mtDNA perspective. American Journal of Human Biology, 25(1), 116-122.