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Mural painting in Kerala : History of Sopana Chitrakala
The history of paintings in Kerala can be traced back to more than thousand years. Pictorial art,
though primitive, existed in Kerala right from the Mesolithic period. Rock pictures found in
Edakkal caves of Wayanad District depict household articles and dancing men with masks,
which were drawn during that period.
The murals of Kanthaloor temple in Thiruvananthapuram drawn in 13th century and those of
Pisharikavu and Kaliliampath in Kozhikode drawn in 14th Century are some of the oldest known
temple wall paintings in Kerala. Ramayana murals of Mattanchery palace, the paintings in the
Chemmanthitta Siva Temple in Kudamaloor and Thodeekkalam in Kannur district, wall paintings
at Panayanarkavu, Kottakkal, Padmanabhapuram and Krishnapuram palaces are the best
examples of medieval mural paintings. Many Churches of Kerala have excellent mural paintings.
The St Mary’s Sunoro Church in Angamaly dating back to 16th century have murals depicting
Heaven & Hell, The Last Judgement and various scenes from the Bible. Dating back to the 9th and 12th centuries, ancient temples, churches and palaces abounded with
these vibrant paintings depicting mythology and legends. Traditionally artists used natural
pigments and vegetable colours. The stories were inspired by ‘Dhyanashlokas’ which are a
collection of hymns from various ancient texts.

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