#Sedimentary #Petrology #Geology #Geography #UPSC #GATEGG
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The word sedimentary is derived from the Latin sedimentum, which means “to settle,”

a reference to solid material settling out of a fluid (water or air).
The mud on the floor of a lake,
A delta at the mouth of a river,
a gravel bar in a streambed,
the particles in a desert sand dune,
Sedimentary rock is rock that forms at or near the surface of the Earth in one of several ways:
by the cementing together of loose clasts (fragments or grains) produced by physical or chemical weathering of preexisting rock;
by the growth of shell masses or the cementing together of shells and shell fragments;
by the accumulation and subsequent alteration of organic matter from dead plankton or plants; or
by the precipitation of minerals from water solutions.
They occur only in the upper part of the crust, and form a “cover” that buries the underlying “basement” of igneous and/or metamorphic rock

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