One of the important factors that determine the success of a livestock business is the provision of quality rations with sufficient quantities The amount of ration costs ranges from 60-80% of the total production cost, causing the quality of rations to be maintained and maintained Good and quality rations must meet quality requirements that include safety aspects, health aspects and economic aspects Rations are finished ingredients which are a mixture of several feed ingredients given to livestock to meet the daily needs of various body functions, such as basic life, production and reproduction Rations contain several food substances including water, energy, fat, protein, minerals and vitamins.
Ban Village which is a village located in Kubu District, Karangasem Regency. Most of the people's livelihoods as farmers, breeders and coffee processors have the potential to be developed. The population is 11,858 people, 6,184 males and 5,674 females. Ban Village has an area of 7,095 hectares with all (100%) land/land in this village being dry land. The total area of Ban Village is divided into a residential area of 106,446 hectares and a community plantation area of 6,962.85 hectares.
The location and boundaries of Ban Village are west of Central Tianyar Village, next to east of Sukadana Village, north of East Tianyar Village, and south of the Protected Forest of Kintamani District. Ban Village is classified as a village located in a mountainous area that has a rainfall of 2,138 mm and an altitude of 500 meters above sea level. The distance from Ban Village to the sub-district capital is ±20 km and to the Regency Capital is ±49 km which can be reached ±60 minutes from the center of Karangasem. Ban Village oversees 16 hamlets, namely: Bukit Hamlet, Ban Hamlet, Panek Hamlet, Cucut Hamlet, Bonyoh Hamlet, Temakung Hamlet, Darmaji Hamlet, Cegi Hamlet, Pucang Hamlet, Dlundungan Hamlet, Daya Hamlet, Jatutuhu Hamlet, Flower Hamlet, Pengalusan Hamlet, Manikaji Hamlet, and Belong Hamlet.
Behind the shortcomings in terms of the condition of the land owned, Ban Village has a variety of natural potential that needs to be developed both from the agriculture, livestock, fisheries, and crop processing sectors The location of the village is indeed a bit far from the crowd, so community activities are only involved around the area Various superior food products produced by the community in Ban Village include: Sugar Lontar, Cashew Nuts, Soroh Coffee, Siwalan, Balinese cattle, goats, Balinese chickens, pigs, and capture fisheries
Balinese cattle are native to Indonesia and have distinctive characteristics that set them apart from other cattle breeds The advantages of Balinese cattle compared to other breeds include their high adaptability to poor environments, ability to utilize low-quality feed, excellent fertility and conception rates, high positive heterosis in crosses, good quality meat with low fat content (approximately 4%), and resistance to internal and external parasites Additionally, Balinese cattle have high reproductive potential, high carcass weight, and are easy to fatten and adapt to new environments, earning them the nickname of pioneer cattle (Hardjosubroto, 1994) Balinese cows can gain up to 760 g/day/head when supplemented with concentrates, and up to 900 g/day with complete rations in the form of urea ammonia rice straw wafers supplemented with S and Zn minerals
Suitable and correct feed formulation is also needed in raising cattle, for example
By providing fermented feed, in addition to the feed being durable, it can also be durable, the difficulty of feed in the dry season will be overcome by the fermentation method Feeding with fermentation technology is able to increase body weight and quality as well as growth of Balinese cattle In feeding ruminant livestock, in this case, Balinese cattle need 60% forage and 40% legume with additional feed with a crude protein content of 14-16% As much as 05-1kg/day of concentrated feed can be replaced from tubers or tofu pulp or industrial waste that has been.
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