To learn more about acid/base disturbances and lactic acidosis, check out the "Acid-Base Disturbances" and "Acute Renal Failure" knowledge boluses on https://icuready.com!

Video reviewing an approach to anion gap metabolic acidosis (AGMA) and lactic acidosis. The GOLDMARK mnemonic for remembering etiologies of AGMA, a biochemistry review of lactate production and metabolism, and a framework/differential diagnosis for type A and type B lactic acidosis are discussed. Video and images created by Daniel Gergen, MD.

References:
1. Andersen LW, Mackenhauer J, Roberts JC, Berg KM, Cocchi MN, Donnino MW. Etiology and therapeutic approach to elevated lactate levels. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013;88(10):1127-1140.

2. Bellomo R. Bench-to-bedside review: lactate and the kidney. Crit Care. 2002;6(4):322-326.

3. Luft FC. Lactic Acidosis Update for Critical Care Clinicians. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2001;12(suppl 1):S15-S19.

4. Mehta AN, Emmett JB, Emmett M. GOLD MARK: an anion gap mnemonic for the 21st century. The Lancet. 2008;372(9642):892.